In the nanoscale they have formed a group of two-dimensional particles to interconnect the particles using light. The discovery was made by researchers from the British Institute of Medical Research.
The British scientists directed two superimposed laser beams to a silicon prism with a certain angle (only the evanescent zone hit the rear space of the prism); subsequently a drop of aqueous polystyrene solution (300-600 nm spheres) was placed on the prism, and the spheres were organized into this two-dimensional structure.